A reliable centralized real-time multi-protocol data collection module for mission-critical vessel systems
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54939/1859-1043.j.mst.111.2026.112-121Keywords:
FPGA; MIL-STD-1553B; Block RAM; Hamming code; Ethernet; ARINC-429.Abstract
Sensor networks deployed on modern vessels operate under heterogeneous communication protocols and stringent real-time constraints, necessitating a mission-critical, centralized solution for deterministic data acquisition and pre-processing. This paper presents the design and implementation of an FPGA-based sensor data collection and reconstruction module that supports the simultaneous integration of MIL-STD-1553B, ARINC-429, and RS-422/485 interfaces within a unified architecture. System reliability and fault tolerance are enhanced through support for error-correction coding and the use of high-bandwidth on-chip memory in place of conventional off-chip storage, ensuring deterministic performance for real-time operation. Following acquisition and normalization, sensor data are aggregated and transmitted to a central monitoring system via a high-speed Ethernet interface. Experimental validation demonstrates stable operation, improved data integrity, and compliance with real-time processing requirements in complex environments.
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