Evaluation of allowable dynamic unbalance of a gyroscope rotor based on drift requirements
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https://doi.org/10.54939/1859-1043.j.mst.FMC.2026.125-132Keywords:
3-DOF gyroscope; Dynamic unbalance; Residual unbalance; Drift rate; Rotor balancing.Abstract
This study derives the equations of motion of a three-degree-of-freedom (3-DOF) gimballed gyroscope subjected to disturbance torques caused by residual dynamic unbalance of the rotor. The analytical results show that rotor dynamic unbalance induces forced high-frequency oscillations of the gyroscope axes and produces a steady drift component about the outer frame axis through reaction torques in the gimbal bearings. Based on the derived relationship between residual unbalance and drift rate, a drift-based criterion is proposed for estimating the maximum allowable residual unbalance of the rotor. Case studies for several gyroscope types show that the proposed criterion provides a practical upper tolerance for rotor balancing when the acceptance requirement is defined by allowable drift. Experimental residual-unbalance measurements for selected rotors are consistent with this drift-based tolerance.
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